A preparation roadmap for food, beverage, cosmetic and pharmaceutical factories, from site suitability to production standards and product approvals.
Three layers that must align
Factory licensing connects business credentials, site and facility suitability, and product approvals. KBLI, capacity, processes and location must be consistent across documents. An NIB does not automatically replace environmental approvals, building documents, production standards or marketing authorisations.
Check the site before construction
Review land rights, spatial planning and the KKPR mechanism, industrial estate rules and building use. Assess Building Approval (PBG) and Certificate of Proper Function (SLF) requirements against the building’s condition and applicable rules. Examine water sources, energy capacity, logistics access, workplace safety and fire protection during design.
Environmental requirements follow the actual activity
Screening for SPPL, UKL-UPL or AMDAL considers the activity, scale, location and impacts. Land area alone cannot determine the required document. Inventory wastewater, emissions, noise and hazardous waste, then assess relevant technical approvals, waste storage and operational suitability requirements.
Facility standards and product approvals
| Industry | Facility standard | Product route |
|---|---|---|
| Food / beverages | CPPOB under the applicable category and scheme. | MD food registration, or SPP-IRT only where eligible. |
| Cosmetics | CPKB or compliance with CPKB aspects under the applicable scheme. | Cosmetic notification and preparation of the DIP. |
| Medicines | CPOB and pharmaceutical industry requirements. | Medicine registration with quality, safety and efficacy data. |
Facility approval is not the same as approval for each product. Halal and SNI requirements must also be assessed by product type and applicable rules, rather than treated as identical for all factories.
A workflow that reduces rework
Define products, processes and capacity; check the site and OSS; conduct environmental screening; then align the building and facility layout. Prepare personnel, procedures, quality systems and evidence of standards compliance before product registration. Reassess how design or capacity changes affect approvals.
Factory technical checklist
- Products and formulas, KBLI, domestic or foreign investment status, coordinates, land and building areas, and site tenure.
- Installed and actual capacity, operating hours, machinery, workforce, raw materials, and water and energy needs.
- Wastewater flow, treatment plant, emissions, hazardous waste, environmental documents, PBG/SLF and facility and product approval status.
Empat kelompok industri, kebutuhan teknis yang berbeda
| Industry | Fokus pemeriksaan | Persetujuan produk |
|---|---|---|
| Makanan | Higiene, air, hama, bahan, alur produksi, CPPOB dan ketertelusuran sesuai kategori. | MD atau SPP-IRT jika memenuhi kriteria. |
| Minuman | Sumber air, pengolahan, sanitasi, mikrobiologi, kemasan dan SNI bila diwajibkan. | Jalur pangan sesuai jenis minuman. |
| Cosmetics | Penanggung jawab, layout, sistem mutu, CPKB/aspek CPKB dan DIP. | Notifikasi kosmetik. |
| Farmasi | Kewenangan industri, personel, validasi, laboratorium dan CPOB. | Registrasi serta izin edar obat sesuai kategori. |
Data teknis untuk menilai kesiapan fasilitas
| Parameter | Data yang perlu dicatat |
|---|---|
| Lokasi | Alamat, koordinat, status lahan, kesesuaian ruang, luas tanah dan bangunan. |
| Produksi | Produk, formula, diagram proses, mesin, kapasitas terpasang/aktual dan jam operasi. |
| Air & limbah | Sumber air dan debit m³/hari, air limbah, IPAL, titik pembuangan, jenis/volume limbah B3. |
| Energi & dampak | Boiler, genset, cerobong, bahan bakar, kebisingan dan mobilitas kendaraan. |
| Personel & sistem | Jumlah pekerja, penanggung jawab teknis, SOP, catatan produksi dan pengendalian mutu. |
Urutan kerja dan ketergantungan antarizin
Mulai dari produk, proses dan lokasi. Telaah tata ruang dan lingkungan sebelum mengunci desain fasilitas atau menambah kapasitas. PBG/SLF diperiksa sesuai fungsi bangunan; standar sarana disiapkan bersama personel, SOP dan sistem mutu. Registrasi produk membutuhkan data yang konsisten dengan fasilitas.
PP 20/2024 tentang Perwilayahan Industri mencabut PP 142/2015. Periksa kewajiban lokasi industri dan pengecualiannya pada aturan yang berlaku. Luas lahan atau skala modal saja tidak cukup untuk menentukan AMDAL, UKL-UPL atau SPPL.
Checklist kesiapan proyek pabrik
Checklist ini dapat digunakan saat membaca atau dicetak. Pilihan tidak dikirim dan tidak disimpan oleh halaman ini.
Pertanyaan yang sering diajukan
Apakah pabrik kecil cukup memiliki NIB?
Belum tentu. Persyaratan mengikuti jenis kegiatan, risiko, lokasi, proses dan produk. Periksa setiap lapisan legalitas dan standar fasilitas.
Apakah sertifikat fasilitas sama dengan izin edar?
Tidak. Standar fasilitas menilai cara produksi atau sarana; izin edar/notifikasi menilai produk sesuai jalurnya. Keduanya harus dipetakan secara terpisah.
References & reader notes
- Government Regulation No. 28 of 2025
- Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021
- BPOM: Processed Food Registration
- BPOM Legal Documentation
- Government Regulation No. 42 of 2024
- Government Regulation No. 20 of 2024
Read the Indonesian references together with their amendments and implementing rules. This is general information, not a legal opinion on a particular situation. Check final requirements against the activity, location and rules in force at application.
