From choosing a business entity to operational approvals, understand the documents and ongoing obligations your company needs.
Legal compliance involves more than one document
A deed of establishment, legal entity approval, tax registration and business licences serve different purposes. An incorporated company cannot necessarily begin every operational activity immediately. Requirements depend on its activities, location, scale and risk level.
Choose an entity that fits your plans
| Entity type | Key consideration |
|---|---|
| Domestic / foreign investment PT | Review shareholders, activities, capital and investment rules. PMA is an investment status, not a separate legal entity form from a PT. |
| CV / Firma partnerships | Unlike a PT, these are not separate legal entities; understand each partner’s role and liability. |
| Cooperative | Membership, purpose and governance follow cooperative legislation. |
For a capital partnership PT, plan the shareholders, directors and commissioners. An individual company follows a separate route for eligible micro and small businesses. A single capital figure should not be treated as a universal requirement for every entity or investment sector.
Documents to prepare
- Proposed names, founders’ and officers’ identification, and corporate or foreign shareholder documents where relevant.
- Business address, evidence of rights to use the premises, activity descriptions and KBLI codes reflecting the actual business.
- Shareholding structure, capital plan, management appointments and relevant tax information.
Incorporation and licensing sequence
Start by checking the name, business activities, ownership and location. For a capital partnership PT, proceed with a notarial deed and AHU approval, tax administration and OSS registration. Review the OSS outputs and fulfil any required Standard Certificate, licence, basic requirement or supporting business approval (PB UMKU) before conducting the relevant activity.
Industrial activities may require environmental approvals, building documents and facility standards. Construction, imports, food, cosmetics and healthcare each have sector-specific requirements. These documents are not automatically issued with a deed or NIB.
Obligations after incorporation
Establish a compliance calendar for tax, employment, investment reporting where required, corporate meetings under PT rules and licence maintenance. Assess how changes to the address, shareholders, officers or activities affect AHU, OSS, contracts and technical approvals.
Pre-consultation checklist
- Prepare your products or services, location, investor status, shareholding plan and intended start date.
- Gather existing documents and identify activities to be added or changed.
Pilih bentuk usaha berdasarkan tanggung jawab dan rencana investasi
| Bentuk | Hal yang perlu diputuskan |
|---|---|
| PT biasa / PMDN | Struktur saham, kewenangan direksi dan komisaris, modal serta ketentuan kegiatan usaha. |
| PT PMA | Bidang yang dapat dimasuki investor asing, persyaratan investasi, struktur pemegang saham dan izin sektoral. |
| Perseroan perorangan | Kelayakan sebagai usaha mikro atau kecil dan pemenuhan kriteria pendirinya; periksa kewajiban perubahan bentuk bila kriterianya tidak lagi terpenuhi. |
| CV atau firma | Kedudukan sekutu, kewenangan pengurusan dan tanggung jawab pribadi; keduanya bukan badan hukum seperti PT. |
| Cooperative | Tujuan bersama anggota, persyaratan pendirian, organ dan tata kelola koperasi. |
Apa yang termasuk keluaran pendirian?
Pisahkan dokumen badan usaha dari izin operasional. Akta, pengesahan atau pendaftaran, administrasi pajak dan NIB merupakan tahapan berbeda. Sertifikat standar, izin, KKPR, dokumen lingkungan, PBG/SLF dan PB UMKU diperiksa menurut kegiatan serta lokasi; tidak otomatis termasuk dalam satu paket pendirian.
Untuk PT biasa, alurnya meliputi penetapan nama, saham, pengurus, alamat dan kegiatan; akta notaris; pengesahan; administrasi perpajakan; kemudian OSS dan pemenuhan persyaratan dasar maupun sektoral. Perseroan perorangan memiliki mekanisme pendirian tersendiri.
Checklist persiapan konsultasi
Checklist ini dapat digunakan saat membaca atau dicetak. Pilihan tidak dikirim dan tidak disimpan oleh halaman ini.
Pertanyaan yang sering diajukan
Apakah NIB berarti perusahaan sudah boleh menjalankan semua kegiatan?
Tidak. Penuhi persyaratan sesuai risiko, lokasi, sektor dan tahap kegiatan sebelum beroperasi. NIB tidak menggantikan persetujuan produk atau fasilitas.
Apa yang harus dipelihara setelah pendirian?
Data AHU dan OSS, pelaporan pajak, kewajiban ketenagakerjaan, izin dan sertifikasi, serta LKPM bagi yang diwajibkan. PT juga perlu menjalankan tata kelola dan RUPS sesuai ketentuan.
References & reader notes
Read the Indonesian references together with their amendments and implementing rules. This is general information, not a legal opinion on a particular situation. Check final requirements against the activity, location and rules in force at application.
